Краткий курс лекций по лексикологии английского языка для студентов неязыковых вузов. Москалёва Е.В. - 52 стр.

            Present-day English” treats conversion as a morphological-
            syntactical word-building because we have not only the change of
            the paradigm, but also the change of the syntactic function, e.g. I
            need some good paper for my room. (The noun “paper” is an
            object in the sentence). I paper my room every year. (The verb
            “paper” is the predicate in the sentence).
                   Conversion is the main way of forming verbs in Modern
            English. Verbs can be formed from nouns of different semantic
            groups and have different meanings because of that, e.g:
                   a) verbs have instrumental meaning if they are formed from
            nouns denoting parts of a human body e.g. to eye, to finger, to
            elbow, to shoulder etc. They have instrumental meaning if they
            are formed from nouns denoting tools, machines, instruments,
            weapons, e.g. to hammer, to machine-gun, to rifle, to nail,
                   b) verbs can denote an action characteristic of the living
            being denoted by the noun from which they have been converted,
            e.g. to crowd, to wolf, to ape;
                   c) verbs can denote acquisition, addition or deprivation if
            they are formed from nouns denoting an object, e.g. to fish, to
            dust, to peel, to paper;
                   d) verbs can denote an action performed at the place denoted
            by the noun from which they have been converted, e.g. to park, to
            garage, to bottle, to corner, to pocket;
                   e) verbs can denote an action performed at the time denoted
            by the noun from which they have been converted e.g. to winter,
            to week-end.
                   Verbs can be also converted from adjectives, in such cases
            they denote the change of the state, e.g. to tame (to become or
            make tame), to clean, to slim etc.
                   Nouns can also be formed by means of conversion from verbs.

                 Converted nouns can denote:
                 a) instant of an action e.g. a jump, a move;
                 b) process or state e.g. sleep, walk;
                 c) agent of the action expressed by the verb from which the
            noun has been converted, e.g. a help, a flirt, a scold, object or

            52


PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com