Пособие по переводу английской научно-технической литературы. Орлова Г.Д. - 149 стр.

UptoLike

Составители:

Рубрика:

149

Procedures: Whereas policies are broad guides, procedures are more specific steps

describing how to accomplish the objectives. A standard operating procedure specifies

the steps to be followed in handling day-to-day intra or interdepartmental operations.

Well-established procedures help reduce ambiguity and confusion in the way that

divisions and departments operate, and provide uniformity of action through

standardized actions. For example, to implement the policy of promoting from within, a

standard operating procedure will spell out how promising talent should be identified,

developed, and trained. Another procedure might identify the steps to be followed by

Engineering in its relations with other divisions when bidding for internal and external

operations.

Methods: Methods are detailed descriptions of the manner and sequence of

performing tasks that are necessary for completing specific assignments within a

division or department. They are developed to influence the way staff personnel

perform their tasks. Examples include a prescribed method for developing a prototype

design or for the assembly of a given product.

The difference between policies, procedures, and methods in terms of their scope

and depth is a matter of degree. Policies and methods fall at the two opposite ends of a

continuum, with procedures somewhere between. While policies are the broadest of all

plans and originate at the highest levels of an organization, procedures are concerned

with the operations of major functional departments and are interdepartmental in their

effect. Methods are designed specifically to direct the performance of individuals.

Rules: Rules are prescribed standards designed to impose restrictions on the

personal behavior of employees. They are by definition inflexible and spell out

penalties for violations. Examples include rules concerning smoking on company

premises, dress, and absences.

While objectives, policies, procedures, methods, and rules are necessary and have

important functions to perform, they should not be multiplied beyond necessity. Their

over-abundance can stifle initiative and reduce compliance. The effective manager