Английский язык: Сборник текстов и упражнений для студентов специальности "Эксплуатация судовых энергетических установок". Писарева Л.П. - 7 стр.

     V. Give antonyms.
     To connect, short, close, top end, cooling, thin, rough, high grade, inside, compression, to
prevent, power, to admit, heavy, small-size, double-acting.

     VI. Put the proper English equivalents instead of Russian words.
     1. The diesel engine (состоит) of the following parts: engine frame and crankcase.
     2. The crankcase (сделан) steel.
     3. Cylinders are clamped to the frame (при помощи анкерных болтов).
     4. (Крышки цилиндра) close the (верхнюю часть) of the cylinders.
     5. (Втулка) is a comperatively thin cylinder.
     6. (Внутреннее отверстие) is carefully finished (чтобы обеспечить) perfect roundness
and uniform diameter.
     7. (Обработка) is giving by boring grinding or reaming.
     8. (Согласно размеру) the piston (снабжен) compression rings and scraper rings.
     9. The correct function of the scraper rings (способствует) to the low lubricating oil
(расход).
     10. The connecting rod (соединяет) the piston to the crank on the crankshaft.

      VII. Answer the questions.
      1. What are the essential parts of a diesel engine?
      2. What do a bedplate and a crankcase make and why?
      3. How are cylinders clamped to the frame and what are they provided with?
      4. What is a cylinder liner?
      5. What is fitted in the cylinder head?
      6. What rings does a piston have and what are their functions?
      7. What is a piston made of?
      8. What is the function of a connecting rod?
      9. What valves are there in the cylinder cover?
      10. What do valves serve for?
      11. What are the functions of the camshaft and crankshaft?
      12. What material is used to make the engine parts?

      VIII. Tell about engine parts and their functions.




                                          Lesson 2
                                     Major Running Parts

      Diesel engine major parts are: crankshaft, connecting rod, crosshead, piston rod, piston.
      Marine Diesel engine crankshafts are usually made of open hearth steel. For large en-
gines it is customary to build up the crankshafts, each pair of webs with its crank pin being
forged solid and the web forgings bored and shrunk on the shaft.
      Standard type of connecting rod has a flanged out rectangular foot which rests on the top
crank pin box and to which the box is bolted. It tapers slightly towards the top end and is there
forked cut to form a support for the crosshead pin boxes. The rod is drilled through its length to
afford a passage for lubricating oil.
      The marine type crosshead is a forged steel block with wrist pins projecting from the fore
and aft sides. The block is bored to receive the end of the piston and the cast steel slipper is se-
cured to the block by through bolts or studs.

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