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NB.
1. It is important to say that the majority of words were derived by
concrete noun-stems, Nºcon., and the most active in the production of
Nºcon. were masculine nouns, -a-stems, then neuter and feminine noun-
stems, noun-stems of strong declension were more active in forming
denominal nouns, than those of the weak declension.
2. Adjective-forming suffixes were used to form adjectives both
from nouns and adjectives, sometimes from verbs and adverbs.
Some independent words like ful "full", leās "devoid of" and līc
"body" used to become suffixes in the OE period.
Most of the adjectives were formed by means of the following
suffixes: -līc, -leās, -ig, -en, -ful, -iht(e), -fæst, -bǣre, -ed, -isc, -cund.
Less productive were 5 suffixes: -sum, -ern, -el, -weard, -wende.
Another derivative paradigm will show us how active the noun-
stems of simple morphological structure were in the production of
adjectives.
Table 18. OE Substantivised Adjectives
Nºp.— Aden. (-līc, -leās, -en, -isc, -cund, -ig, -bǣre, -ful)
Nºcon.
Nºobj. — Aden. (-en, -līc, -ig, -iht, -leās, -ed, -fæst, -bǣre, -ful,
Nº -isc, -el, -ern, -weard)
Nºabs. ———— Aden. (-līc, -leās, -ig, -ful, -fæst, -bǣre, -sum, -wend)
NB. Denominal adjectives were generally formed by Nº concrete
than by Nºabs. These tables will help you analyze the derivatives in our
texts. E.g. luflīc "lovely", freōndlīc "friendly", ʒodcund "divine",
woruldcund "earthly", ʒesǣlig "happy", englisc "English", sarlīc
"sorrowful".
Verb-forming suffixes are not very numerous: there are three of
them: -sian, -læcan, -ettan, formed by means of secondary suffixes:
-r, -l, -s, -n, -ett plus the ending of the infinitive –an, -ian.
E.g. curm "noise" curman "to make noise", nest "nest" nestlian
"to make a nest", mist "mist" mistrian "to cover with mist",
"food" metsian "to feed", lāð "loath" lāðettan "to hate", etc.
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