Учебно-методическое пособие по развитию навыков профессионального общения. В двух частях. Ч.1: Management. Руденко Т.П - 35 стр.

       15. Japanese officials often say one reason why many American         latter. In four years, her one-women operation has grown into a booming
companies do poorly in Japan is because people can’t believe they will       business called Betsy’s Bobbins Inc., which employs 25 people.
give good service. Even if an American machine tope a Japanese one in                Although it meant giving up a weekly paycheck and regular
price and quality, the buyer will be suspicious. Will I have to phone        hours, Bob Satter quit as manager of a Connecticut retail store to turn
Houston every time something goes wrong? He may wonder.                      his photography hobby into a business. “Because I had a wife and two
       16. Service is plugged as being “free”, but of course, is not. Each   young children to support,” he says, “most people thought I was crazy.”
woman who wraps and each man who lugs groceries is part of why               But 12-hour days and seven-day weeks paid off. Twenty years later,
prices are so high in Japan. They are also part of why unemployment is       he’s far ahead of where he would have been as a hired hand: he shares a
so law. Some economists, in fact view some of these jobs as disguised        large, modern studio with another photographer; he’s put both sons
welfare programs, financed through high prices rather than taxes.            through first-rate colleges; he owns a 30-foot sailboat; he’s saved
       17. Invariably, as Japan internationalizes, some firms are opting     enough for a comfortable future – and he enjoys his work.
to follow the foreign pattern and cut service to lower prices. Supermar-             What ties these two examples together is more than luck, persis-
kets and chain stores have gained ground. Department stores have done        tence and staggeringly hard work. Both Satter and Isaacson share quali-
away with the woman who once bowed to every customer who stepped             ties and backgrounds that, experts tell us, characterize most successful
onto an escalator. Some shops now have a tape machine, not a person,         entrepreneurs. “While you can learn entrepreneurial skills,” says John
saying “irashaimase” or welcome, at the door.                                R. Braun, psychology professor and testing expert at the University of
       18. Proliferation of American fast-food is another sign of these      Bridgeport in Connecticut, “people who start out with special attributes
times. mcDonald’s now has 173 outlets in Japan. But characteristically,      have an advantage.”
cleanliness and employee courtesy seem to be generally higher than in                Today, increasing numbers of Americans are opening their own
the United States.                                                           businesses. Last year more than 230,000 new companies were launched.
       19. The Japanese over the years have borrowed heavily in com-         But the risks are great. In 1988 half of all the companies that failed in
mercial ideas from the United States but generally look elsewhere con-       the United States were five years old or less.
cerning service. There are exceptions, however, such as American-style               Could you make it as an entrepreneur? There is no sure way of
home-delivery pizza. In the last two years, motorbikes darting around        predicting – no matter what traits you possess. Nevertheless, a test de-
with pizza have been growing in numbers on Tokyo streets. Delivery in        signed by the Milwaukee-based Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance
30 minutes is guaranteed. Or the customer gets about $5 back.                Co., working with Braun, can provide important indicators.
                                                                                     “We’re interested in identifying potential entrepreneurs because
      TEXT 7                                                                 all the agents who sell our insurance are self-employed,” explains Don-
         Should You Be in Business for Yourself?                             ald J. Schuenke, the company’s chief executive officer.
                                                                                     The Northwestern Mutual test is based on 60 questions that were
      If you keep asking that question then try this quiz feature – to       asked of 30 successful entrepreneurs and an equal number of successful
help you arrive at the answer.                                               executives who work as employees. The entrepreneurs included men
                                                        By Peter Lohr        and women who’d started unique franchising operations, retail chains
                                                                             and manufacturing companies. The employees ranged from bank-
      When financial problems plagued the family farm in Loomis,             branch managers to chief officers of multinational corporations.
Neb., Betty Isaacson faced two options: either augment the family’s in-              “What we were looking for,” says Braun, “were significant dif-
come with an outside job or try to sell the wood-and-fabric decorations      ferences between the two groups.” And while the answers to many
she often made at home for friends. Without hesitating, she chose the

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