Уравнения математической физики. Сборник задач. Даишев Р.А - 12 стр.

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e
x+y
6
[
α
0
(
x
+
y
)
β
0
(5
x
y
)]
y = 0
α β
f(x) = U(x, 0) = e
x
6
[α(x) + β(5x)],
F (x) = U
y
(x, 0) =
1
6
e
x
6
[α(x) + β(5x)] + e
x
6
[α
0
(x) + β
0
(5x)].
β
0
(5x) =
(5x)
d5x
=
1
6
e
x
6
[f
0
(x) F (x)],
β(5x) =
5
6
x
Z
a
e
t
6
[f
0
(t) F (t)]dt.
a,
5x 5x y
β(5x y) =
5
6
x
y
5
Z
a
e
t
6
[f
0
(t) F (t)]dt.
α(x) = f(x)e
x
6
β(5x) x x + y
U(x, y) =
(h x + at)f(x at) + (h x at)f(x + at)
2(h x)
+
+
1
2a
x+at
Z
xat
h z
h x
F (z)dz
  x+y
e− 6 [α0 (x + y) − β 0 (5x − y)], ãäå øòðèõ îçíà÷àåò äèôôåðåíöè-
ðîâàíèå ïî àðãóìåíòó, óêàçàííîìó â ñêîáêàõ. Ïîäñòàâëÿÿ â ýòè
âûðàæåíèÿ çíà÷åíèå y = 0 è ïðèðàâíèâàÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèì
íà÷àëüíûì çíà÷åíèÿì, ïîëó÷èì ñèñòåìó óðàâíåíèé äëÿ îïðå-
äåëåíèÿ íåèçâåñòíûõ ôóíêöèé α è β :
                                              x
                  f (x) = U (x, 0) = e− 6 [α(x) + β(5x)],
                      1 x                       x
 F (x) = Uy (x, 0) = − e− 6 [α(x) + β(5x)] + e− 6 [α0 (x) + β 0 (5x)].
                      6
Äèôôåðåíöèðóÿ ïåðâîå èç íèõ è ñêëàäûâàÿ ñî âòîðûì, ïîëó÷èì
                     dβ(5x)  1 x
                 β 0 (5x) = = e 6 [f 0 (x) − F (x)],
                      d5x    6
èíòåãðèðóÿ êîòîðîå, ïîëó÷èì
                                    x
                             5Z t 0
                     β(5x) =    e 6 [f (t) − F (t)]dt.
                             6a

Çäåñü íèæíèé ïðåäåë, ðàâíûé a, èãðàåò ðîëü ïîñòîÿííîé èíòå-
ãðèðîâàíèÿ. Çàìåíÿÿ 5x íà 5x − y , ïîëó÷èì:
                                         y
                               x− 5
                             5 Z t 0
                 β(5x − y) =        e 6 [f (t) − F (t)]dt.
                             6 a
                              x
Íàõîäèì α(x) = f (x)e 6 −β(5x), çàìåíÿåì x íà x + y è ïîëó÷àåì
îòâåò.
   21.
                 (h − x + at)f (x − at) + (h − x − at)f (x + at)
    U (x, y) =                                                   +
                                    2(h − x)
                               x+at
                             1 Z h−z
                          +             F (z)dz
                            2a      h−x
                                  x−at


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