Уравнения математической физики. Сборник задач. Даишев Р.А - 46 стр.

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U(r, θ) =
1
3
(1 r
2
) + r
2
cos
2
θ.
(r, θ, ϕ),
U ϕ
r
Ã
r
2
U
r
!
+
1
sin θ
θ
Ã
sin θ
U
θ
!
= 0.
−∞ < x <
¯
f(λ) =
1
2π
Z
−∞
f(ξ)e
iλξ
f(x) =
1
2π
Z
−∞
¯
f(λ)e
iλx
dλ.
0 < x <
¯
f
(c)
(λ) =
s
2
π
Z
0
f(ξ) cos λξ, f(x) =
s
2
π
Z
0
¯
f
(c)
(λ) cos λxdλ,
¯
f
(s)
(λ) =
s
2
π
Z
0
f(ξ) sin λξ, f(x) =
s
2
π
Z
0
¯
f
(s)
(λ) sin λxdλ.
U(x, t)
x
U(x, t)
69.            U (r, θ) = 13 (1 − r2 ) + r2 cos2 θ.
Ó ê à ç à í è å. Ââåñòè ñôåðè÷åñêèå êîîðäèíàòû (r, θ, ϕ), Ðåøåíèå
U íå çàâèñèò îò ϕ , è ïîýòîìó , óðàâíåíèå Ëàïëàñà ñâîäèòñÿ ê
óðàâíåíèþ
                        Ã     !               Ã             !
                   ∂     ∂U           1 ∂          ∂U
                      r2          +          sin θ               = 0.
                   ∂r    ∂r         sin θ ∂θ       ∂θ


    Ÿ8. Ìåòîä èíòåãðàëüíûõ ïðåîáðàçîâàíèé Ôóðüå.
Ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ Ôóðüå íà ïðÿìîé −∞ < x < ∞ èìåþò âèä:
                        ∞                                         ∞
   ¯        1 Z                                       1 Z ¯
   f (λ) = √       f (ξ)e−iλξ dξ             f (x) = √       f (λ)eiλx dλ.
             2π −∞                                     2π −∞

Íà ïîëóïðÿìîé 0 < x < ∞ ìîæíî ðàññìàòðèâàòü êàê êîñèíóñ-
ïðåîáðàçîâàíèå Ôóðüå:
              s     ∞                                  s      ∞
                  2Z                                       2 Z ¯(c)
f¯(c) (λ) =           f (ξ) cos λξdξ,        f (x) =            f (λ) cos λxdλ,
                  π                                        π
                    0                                        0

òàê è ñèíóñ-ïðåîáðàçîâàíèå:
              s     ∞                                  s      ∞
                  2Z                                       2 Z ¯(s)
f¯(s) (λ) =           f (ξ) sin λξdξ,        f (x) =            f (λ) sin λxdλ.
                  π                                        π
                    0                                        0

    ×òîáû ðåøèòü êðàåâóþ çàäà÷ó äëÿ U (x, t) ñ ïîìîùüþ ïðå-
îáðàçîâàíèÿ Ôóðüå ïî ïåðåìåííîé x ïåðåõîäÿò ê çàäà÷å äëÿ
îáðàçà Ôóðüå ýòîé ôóíêöèè, íàõîäÿò ýòîò îáðàç è ñ ïîìîùüþ
îáðàòíîãî ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ Ôóðüå âîññòàíàâëèâàþò îðèãèíàë,
ò. å. íàõîäÿò ôóíêöèþ U (x, t) ïî åå îáðàçó Ôóðüå.

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