ВУЗ:
Составители:
Рубрика:
9
2.3. Abstract
’An Abstract is an accurate representation of the contents of a document in an abbreviated form’.
The Abstract states the report in miniature. In fact, it summarizes the whole report in one, and
has a form of the concise paragraph that incorporates 100-250 words.
As soon as it condenses and summarizes the whole report, it should be written after the report
has been completed. It is written after the report is completed, although it is intended to be read
first.
In a technical report, the Abstract appears on a separate page after the table of contents.
You should include the objective, research methods used in the investigation, results of your
research and recommendations that you give to the readers. Pay special attention to describing
the objective of your report that states the problem, and the analysis of the results that
incorporates your recommendations.
There are four fields which are obligatory: objective; design/methodology/approach; findings
and originality/value; the other two: research limitations/implications and practical implications
may be omitted if they are not applicable to your paper.
There are two distinct types of Abstracts:
a Descriptive Abstract merely identifies the areas to be covered in the report. It is an
extended statement of purpose or scope. Such an Abstract is only useful for a very long
report, because it demonstrates only the paper's organization, not its content.
an Informative Abstract summarizes the entire report and gives the reader an overview of
the facts that will be laid out in detail in the paper itself. It is rarely longer than one page
and should never exceed more than 10% of the length of the entire report.
2.3.1. Summary
A summary is restating someone else's words in your words. There are many different kinds of
summaries, and they vary accoding to the degree to which you interpret or analyze the source.
Some are pages long, others just one or two sentences. However, for all types of summary, the
writer is responsible for generally stating, in his or her own words, the main information or
argument of another writer.
The goal of writing a summary of a technical report is to offer as accurately as possible the full
sense of the original, but in a more condensed form. A summary restates the author’s main point,
purpose, intent, and supporting details in your own words.
2.4. Table of Contents
Most reports contain the Table of Contents section, where you list the contents of your report and
show how the report is organized. You can label each section with descriptive headings and
subheadings to explain the readers what each section is all about. A good Table of Contents
makes it easy for the readers to locate each section of your report.
Страницы
- « первая
- ‹ предыдущая
- …
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- …
- следующая ›
- последняя »
